History of Indian Independence Movement and Partition
Summary
The Indian independence movement ended British rule on August 15, 1947, but the victory was overshadowed by partition and communal violence. The struggle spans from the rise of the East India Company to Gandhi’s mass movements, Bose’s armed resistance, and the final British withdrawal after World War II.
Key Points
- India became independent on August 15, 1947, but partition into India and Pakistan brought severe communal violence and loss of life.
- The article traces British expansion from the East India Company through the Battle of Plassey, the Revolt of 1857, and the rise of nationalist politics.
- Gandhi’s non-cooperation and Satyagraha, along with the Congress and Muslim League, turned anti-colonial resistance into a mass movement.
- Subhas Chandra Bose formed the Indian National Army during World War II, while Britain weakened and prepared to withdraw after 1945.
